[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/byl-panamsky-pruplav-dilem-ameriky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/byl-panamsky-pruplav-dilem-ameriky\/","headline":"Byl Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav d\u00edlem Ameriky?","name":"Byl Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav d\u00edlem Ameriky?","description":"S \u00favahou propojen\u00ed Atlask\u00e9ho a Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu p\u0159i\u0161li \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed koloniz\u00e1to\u0159i. V\u0161e bylo dohodnuto na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konferenci Geografick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Rok pot\u00e9 stavby za\u010daly. Cesta se odstra\u0148ovala ru\u010dn\u011b a ruce k\u00a0d\u00edlu p\u0159idali i afri\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed sem byli p\u0159ivezeni. Pr\u00e1ci zt\u011b\u017eovaly nemoci jako mal\u00e1rie a \u017elut\u00e1 zimnice, kterou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eli kom\u00e1\u0159i. Projekt nakonec […]","datePublished":"2019-06-26","dateModified":"2023-04-30","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4e7133236e4a9cc4991954776250524d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4e7133236e4a9cc4991954776250524d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ecorec.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a347078_w2898_t1561276288.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a347078_w2898_t1561276288.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/byl-panamsky-pruplav-dilem-ameriky\/","about":["Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed"],"wordCount":433,"articleBody":"S \u00favahou propojen\u00ed Atlask\u00e9ho a Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu p\u0159i\u0161li \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed koloniz\u00e1to\u0159i. V\u0161e bylo dohodnuto na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konferenci Geografick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Rok pot\u00e9 stavby za\u010daly. Cesta se odstra\u0148ovala ru\u010dn\u011b a ruce k\u00a0d\u00edlu p\u0159idali i afri\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed sem byli p\u0159ivezeni. Pr\u00e1ci zt\u011b\u017eovaly nemoci jako mal\u00e1rie a \u017elut\u00e1 zimnice, kterou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eli kom\u00e1\u0159i. Projekt nakonec zkrachoval. Av\u0161ak pr\u00e1ce u\u017e byla z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 t\u0159etiny hotova, to je mo\u017en\u00e1 d\u016fvod pro\u010d \u017eezlo p\u0159evzali Ameri\u010dan\u00e9.\tKe slovu se dostal John Stevens, kter\u00fd pl\u00e1noval p\u0159ehradit \u0159eku Chagres u Gatunu tak, aby voda dod\u011blala zna\u010dnou pr\u00e1ci. Prvn\u00ed parn\u00edk projel Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav 15. srpna 1914, ale do pln\u00e9ho provozu byl pr\u016fplav uveden a\u017e po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce po roce 1920.\tPr\u016fplav je dlouh\u00fd 81, 6 kilometr\u016f a \u0161irok\u00fd a\u017e 305 metr\u016f. Vlastn\u00ed t\u0159i zdymadla, co\u017e jsou objekty zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed vodn\u00ed hladiny, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e9st plavidla mezi horn\u00ed a doln\u00ed hladinou a zp\u011bt. Voda je napou\u0161t\u011bna z\u00a0Gatunsk\u00e9ho jezera, kter\u00e9 le\u017e\u00ed na d\u0159\u00edve zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 \u0159ece Chagres. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je i N\u00e1rodn\u00ed park Chargres, kter\u00fd byl prohl\u00e1\u0161en z povod\u00ed \u0159eky. Pr\u016fplav zde p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed dva mosty, kter\u00e9 tak\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed St\u0159edn\u00ed a Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriku.\tS\u00a0p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed technikou se pr\u016fplav roku 2012 roz\u0161i\u0159oval kv\u016fli v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm lod\u00edm s\u00a0n\u00e1kladem. Jako prvn\u00ed lo\u010f po oprav\u011b proplula \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 Cosco Shipping \u0161irok\u00e1 48 metr\u016f s\u00a0n\u00e1kladem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 9000 standardn\u00edch kontejner\u016f.\tDnes je tento pr\u016fplav neodmyslitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed lodn\u00ed dopravy. Denn\u011b se tu objev\u00ed zhruba pades\u00e1t tankerov\u00fdch \u010di kontejnerov\u00fdch lod\u00ed. Pr\u016fplav m\u00e1 dv\u011b nev\u00fdhody. Prvn\u00ed z\u00a0nich je doba \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed. Ne\u017e lo\u010f p\u0159ejede, mus\u00ed si vy\u010dkat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dvacet a\u017e t\u0159icet hodin. Druhou nev\u00fdhodou jsou velmi vysok\u00e9 poplatky za pou\u017eit\u00ed pr\u016fplavu. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00fdtn\u00e9 bylo zaplacenou v\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u00ed, kter\u00e1 platila 375\u00a0600 dolar\u016f. Naopak nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed poplatek v\u00a0historii \u2013 36 cent\u016f \u2013 zaplatil Richard Halliburton, kter\u00fd jako prvn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk v\u00a0historii Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav p\u0159eplaval.\t\tJe nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9, kolik pen\u011bz se do t\u00e9to konstrukce vlo\u017eilo, av\u0161ak pro mnoha spole\u010dnost\u00ed a firem je toto m\u00edsto d\u016fle\u017eitou dopravn\u00ed cestou, kter\u00e1 je krat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vyhl\u00eddkov\u00e1 plavba pod\u00e9l Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.5\/5 - (14 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Byl Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav d\u00edlem Ameriky?","item":"https:\/\/www.ecorec.cz\/byl-panamsky-pruplav-dilem-ameriky\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]